Untreated Logs
Wave Height Range: Below five feet.
Horizontal, untreated logs can be attached to the landward side of posts in areas like the Pacific
Northwest where there is an abundance of such logs. The same precautions about adequate toe
protection and filtering also apply. However, the large gaps between logs make adequate filter design
more difficult. If a filter cloth is used, it should follow the log contours so that it is not excessively
stressed by bridging large gaps. However, it is vulnerable to damage or vandalism, which would
jeopardize the entire structure because of the resulting loss of retained fill.
Used Rubber Tires
Wave Height Range: Below five feet.
Used tires can be strung over two rows of treated posts set in a staggered pattern, with the tires
abutting each other and filled with gravel (Figure 37). The posts can be tied back to logs buried in the
backfill with filter cloth placed behind the tires before backfilling. Under wave action, the gravel tends
to wash out of the tires, and the backfill can then escape. Although used tires can generally be obtained
free, the cost of the structure is probably comparable to other bulkheads because of the required close
post spacing.
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