Figure 9.17. Middle Fork Powder River at Kaycee, Wyoming (Example 16).
This chapter illustrates the many interactions between rivers and highway structures. Rivers
are dynamic, at times migrating rapidly across floodplains, at others lying dormant through
years of low flows, only to break out of their banks during the next flood to recarve the form of
the immediate landscape and, potentially, seriously impact highway structures. The design of
bridges, bridge countermeasures, and river restoration must consider low, intermediate, 100-
year, and super floods. The next chapter presents three design examples illustrating the
application of the principles and methods given in this manual.
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